Operating Principle of a Pelton Turbine Didactic Equipment Teaching Fluids Engineering Experiment Equipment

AFF062 Operating Principle of a Pelton Turbine Didactic Equipment Teaching Fluids Engineering Experiment Equipment
Description
 model of an impulse turbine
 transparent operating area
 adjustable nozzle crosssection
 loading by band brake

Water turbines are turbomachines utilising water power. The Pelton turbine is a type of impulse turbine; such turbines convert the pressure energy of water into kinetic energy entirely in the distributor. During the conversion, the water jet is accelerated in a nozzle and directed onto the blades of the Pelton wheel tangentially. The water jet is redirected by approximately 180° in the blades. The impulse of the water jet is transmitted to the Pelton wheel.
The experimental unit consists of the Pelton wheel, a needle nozzle used as distributor, a band brake for loading the turbine and a housing with a transparent front panel. The transparent cover enables to observe the water flow, the Pelton wheel and the nozzle during operation. The nozzle crosssection and thus the flow rate are modified by adjusting the nozzle needle.

Learning objectives/experiments
 design and function of a Pelton turbine
 determination of torque, power and efficiency
 graphical representation of characteristic curves for torque, power and efficiency